Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Vehicles
Hybrid Vehicles are powered by a
gasoline engine as well as one or more electric motors. Some
hybrids use very small, efficient gas engines, while others use a
normal sized engine, and use electric motors to supply even more
power. The first hybrid to be sold in America was the Honda
Insight in 1999. Currently, there are over 22 hybrid models available
for sale: from the 50 mpg (EPA estimate) iconic Toyota Prius
, to the 7 passenger luxury SUV
Lexus RX450h.
Unlike pure electric cars,
Hybrids never need to be plugged in.
The electricity that powers the car is generated by regenerative
braking, a process that captures energy from the car's momentum that
would otherwise be lost as heat. This, as well as idle-stop, a
feature that lets the gasoline engine shut down when it is not needed
to power the car, allows hybrids to achieve better fuel economy than
gas-only cars without plugging them in.
Most hybrids are able to operate solely on electric power at low
speeds. These hybrids include models such as the Prius, Camry, Escape, Mariner,
Highlander, Rx450h, Fusion, Milan, Civic and most GM Hybrids. Other Hybrids use the
electric motor mainly to assist the gas engine for better performance
and efficiency. Electric motors can deliver 98% of their torque
immediately from a start, unlike gas engines which give their most
power at higher RPMs. This balance allows hybrids to have
efficient engines without sacrificing performance. Some hybrids
even deliver more power than their gas-only counterparts.
Hybrids usually do cost more than non-hybrid versions of the same
model. But the added benefits of a hybrid, including lower
emissions, lower gas consumption, longer range per tank, FAR fewer
emissions, possible HOV lane privileges where available can outweigh
the extra cost for many people. In addition, federal tax credits may be available to purchasers of certain new hybrid
vehicles of varying amounts for a limited quantity, depending on model. Some states offer
additional tax credits and deductions as well. Your grandchildren will thank
you for the extra dollars you pay now to preserve tomorrow's earth.